With the rapid development of aquaculture, people's excessive pursuit of high yield, intensification, use of high protein and high-energy feed, as well as anti nutritional factors and mycotoxins, have caused varying degrees of liver damage in aquatic animals, with fatty liver being the most common. The liver is an important immune organ and digestive gland in aquatic animals, responsible for the metabolism of sugars, proteins, and fats in the body, as well as the conversion of nutrients. The quality of the liver determines production performance. We analyze the causes and preventive measures of fat production based on years of practical work experience.

1、 Cause of occurrence:

1. Fatty acids

The fat content and source in feed are closely related to the fat content and composition of aquatic animals. Insufficient fat in feed is mainly due to a deficiency of Ω -3, which has anti-inflammatory function, while an excess of Ω -6, which has pro-inflammatory function and causes inflammatory reactions. It can directly cause nutritional metabolism disorder, leading to a decrease in protein utilization rate and a lack of fat and vitamins, affecting the production performance of crude protein; Excessive fat deposition in the liver can trigger the occurrence of fatty liver, and lipid oxidation and rancidity are the main reasons for the occurrence of fatty liver.

2. Protein

Part of the fat in the liver is converted from feed fat, while the other part is converted from protein and carbohydrates. Aquatic feed has a high protein content, and the protein that exceeds the demand of fish will be converted into fat and stored. Over time, aquatic animals cannot metabolize excess fat, resulting in fat waste and triggering the occurrence of fatty liver.

3. Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are the main source of energy supply for aquatic animals, and their ability to utilize carbohydrates varies by species. Herbivorous fish are stronger than carnivorous fish. Due to carbohydrate metabolism issues, fat deposition is mainly manifested in herbivorous fish.

4. Mycotoxins

Fungi are widely present in the natural world, with a wide variety, distribution, and environmental chirality resistance. Their metabolites include aflatoxins (AF), ochratoxins (OTA), class A trichothecene (T-2), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins (FBs), zearalenone (ZEN), nivalenol (NIV) Ergot alkaloids, mycotoxin conjugates, etc.: Mycotoxins have toxic effects on aquatic animals, such as disrupting intestinal barrier function, immunosuppression, and leading to cell death. In short, mycotoxins have a significant impact on the intestinal health and production performance of aquatic animals.

2、 Preventive measures

1. Control the quality of raw materials

Ensure good quality control of raw materials, maintain freshness, ensure consistent color, no mold, pollution, odor, clumping, and pay special attention to the quality of fats and oils, without oxidation or rancidity.

2. Add